Interpretation of Statutes at Lithuania
Interpretation of Statutes in Lithuania – Overview
Lithuania follows a civil law system influenced by European continental legal traditions, especially German and French law. Statutory interpretation is governed primarily by the Lithuanian Constitution and codified laws, with courts and the Constitutional Court playing key roles.
1. Legal Framework
The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania (1992) is the supreme law.
Statutes are enacted by the Seimas (Parliament).
The Supreme Court of Lithuania and the Constitutional Court have authority over statutory interpretation.
Lithuanian legal doctrine and jurisprudence guide interpretation methods.
2. Methods of Statutory Interpretation
Lithuanian courts apply traditional civil law interpretive principles:
🔹 Literal Interpretation
Courts first examine the ordinary meaning of the statutory text.
Clear and unambiguous language is applied directly.
🔹 Systematic Interpretation
The provision is interpreted in the context of the entire legal system and related laws.
🔹 Historical Interpretation
Consideration of the legislative intent, preparatory documents, and parliamentary debates, especially where wording is unclear.
🔹 Teleological (Purpose-Oriented) Interpretation
Focus on the aim and purpose of the law.
Courts interpret statutes to achieve the intended legislative goals and adapt to societal needs.
3. Role of Courts
The Constitutional Court reviews statutes for constitutionality and may annul conflicting provisions.
The Supreme Court provides authoritative interpretations in civil, criminal, and administrative cases.
Lower courts follow these interpretations and apply the statutory law accordingly.
4. Additional Principles
Respect for human rights and constitutional values underpins interpretation.
The principle of legality governs that laws must be interpreted strictly according to their text unless ambiguity requires purposive interpretation.
If ambiguity persists, the interpretation that favors the protection of rights may be preferred.
5. Summary Table
| Interpretation Method | Description |
|---|---|
| Literal | Ordinary meaning of the statutory text |
| Systematic | Context within the legal system |
| Historical | Legislative intent and preparatory materials |
| Teleological | Purpose and objectives of the statute |
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