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Arbitration clauses in corporate bylaws are valid.

1. Legal basis of arbitration clauses in bylawsCorporate bylaws generally regulate matters such as:rights and obligations of share... Read more...

Madrid and Barcelona are major arbitration hubs

 Madrid and Barcelona as Major Arbitration Hubs in SpainMadrid and Barcelona are widely regarded as Spain’s two principal a... Read more...

Cross-border commercial disputes frequently choose...

Cross-Border Commercial Disputes Frequently Choose Spain as a Seat Due to NeutralitySpain has developed into an attractive seat fo... Read more...

Spanish courts support international comity princi...

1. Meaning of international comity in Spanish lawInternational comity refers to the principle that courts of one State should, sub... Read more...

Tribunals’ discretion is upheld unless due-proce...

1. Statutory foundationArticle 24 of the Spanish Arbitration Act establishes the basic procedural guarantees:equal treatment of th... Read more...

Judicial review is strictly procedural.

 Judicial Review of Arbitral Awards in Spain Is Strictly ProceduralUnder Spanish arbitration law, judicial review of an arbit... Read more...

Spain respects foreign interim measures except tho...

Spain and Foreign Interim Measures in ArbitrationThe proposition that “Spain respects foreign interim measures except those conf... Read more...

Refusal of enforcement is rare.

 Refusal of Enforcement Is Rare Under Spanish Arbitration LawThe statement that “refusal of enforcement is rare” accurate... Read more...

Award enforcement may require translation into Spa...

 Award enforcement may require translation into SpanishIn Spain, translation can be an important procedural requirement when ... Read more...

Spain supports modern digital signatures for arbit...

 Spain supports modern digital signatures for arbitration documentsSpain has a strongly technology-neutral and pro-electronic... Read more...

Mediation-arbitration hybrids may be used in Spain

 Mediation–Arbitration Hybrids May Be Used in SpainSpain permits considerable flexibility in combining mediation and arbitr... Read more...

Tribunals may encourage settlement discussions.

1. Statutory basis under Spanish Arbitration LawThe principal provision is Article 36 of Law 60/2003 on Arbitration.Under Article ... Read more...

Representation does not require Spanish lawyers ex...

 Representation in Spanish Arbitration: Spanish Lawyers Are Not Generally RequiredThe proposition that “representation does... Read more...

Spanish law recognizes party representation freedo...

 Spanish Law Recognizes Freedom of Party Representation in ArbitrationSpanish arbitration law adopts a high degree of party a... Read more...

Arbitration institutions maintain lists of arbitra...

Arbitration Institutions Maintain Lists of Arbitrators, but Parties May Choose OutsidersThe proposition reflects a fundamental fea... Read more...