The “Tribhuvan” Sahkari University Act, 2025
Sahkari (Cooperative) University Acts based on typical legislative features:
General Explanation: Sahkari University Acts (Cooperative Universities)
Overview
Sahkari Universities are universities established under the cooperative principles, aiming to promote higher education and research aligned with cooperative movements.
They typically focus on disciplines related to cooperative management, rural development, agriculture, social sciences, and allied fields.
The Act establishes the legal framework for setting up the university, governance, funding, academic programs, and regulatory compliance.
Key Provisions (Typical)
1. Establishment and Incorporation
The Act declares the university as a body corporate with perpetual succession.
It empowers the university to confer degrees, diplomas, and certificates.
2. Objectives
Promote education, research, and extension activities in cooperative studies.
Foster cooperative values such as democracy, equality, and self-help.
Train students and professionals for the cooperative sector.
3. Governance
Constitutes a Board of Governors or Syndicate as the governing authority.
Includes representatives from the cooperative movement, government nominees, academic experts, and stakeholders.
Positions such as Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor, Registrar, and other officers are defined.
4. Academic Council
Responsible for academic policies, course curricula, examinations, and standards.
5. Admission and Reservation
Admission policies following merit, reservation, and cooperative community priorities.
6. Funding
University funded through state grants, cooperative societies contributions, fees, donations, and other sources.
7. Cooperative Principle Emphasis
Programs emphasize cooperative philosophy, management, rural upliftment, and sustainable development.
Legal Context and Case Law (Typical)
While specific case law depends on jurisdiction and the university's location, the following legal principles usually apply:
Recognition and Autonomy: Courts uphold the autonomy of universities under such acts unless it conflicts with statutory or constitutional mandates.
Admission and Reservation: Cases like T.M.A. Pai Foundation v. State of Karnataka emphasize autonomy balanced with fairness and reservation policies.
Cooperative Movement Rights: Judgments support cooperative societies' rights to establish educational institutions under cooperative principles.
Disputes in Governance: Courts often intervene in governance disputes ensuring compliance with the Act and procedural fairness.
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