Artificial Intelligence law at Montenegro
Montenegro is in the early stages of developing a legal and regulatory framework for artificial intelligence (AI). While there is no comprehensive national AI law as of 2025, the country has taken several steps toward integrating AI into its legal and institutional structures.
National AI Policy and Legal Framework
Montenegro does not yet have specific legislation dedicated solely to AI. However, the government has expressed its intent to align with European Union (EU) regulations, particularly the EU's Artificial Intelligence Act. The Minister of Public Administration, Marash Dukaj, has acknowledged the rapid development of AI and its potential to improve public administration, economic development, and societal contributions. He emphasized that Montenegro, as a country advancing in EU integration, will need to harmonize its regulations with EU legal standards .(Global Practice Guides, vijesti.me, vijesti.me)
In the absence of specific AI legislation, existing laws are applied to AI-related matters. For instance, Montenegro's Personal Data Protection Act has not been fully aligned with the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), raising concerns about data privacy in AI applications .(Global Practice Guides)
International Commitments
Montenegro has taken a significant step by signing the Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law in November 2024. This treaty is the first international legally binding agreement addressing the risks AI may pose to human rights, democracy, and the rule of law, while also promoting innovation .(BalkanEU, Portal)
Institutional Initiatives
The Montenegrin Artificial Intelligence Association (MAIA), founded in 2022, plays a pivotal role in promoting AI development in the country. MAIA aims to connect scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs to stimulate collaboration and innovation in AI. The association focuses on education, research, and development to position Montenegro within the global AI ecosystem .(aisociety.me)
Challenges and Future Outlook
Despite these initiatives, Montenegro faces challenges in establishing a comprehensive AI regulatory framework. The lack of specific AI legislation and alignment with EU standards may hinder the development and application of AI technologies. Experts suggest that Montenegro will need to enact national strategies or additional legislation to address critical concerns such as AI ethics, data protection, and intellectual property rights .(vijesti.me, Global Practice Guides, Global Practice Guides)
Conclusion
Montenegro is taking gradual steps toward integrating AI into its legal and institutional frameworks. While the country has signed international agreements and established institutional initiatives, the absence of specific AI legislation and alignment with EU standards presents challenges. Continued efforts are needed to develop a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework that addresses the ethical, legal, and societal implications of AI.
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