Artificial Intelligence law at San Marino
As of May 2025, the Republic of San Marino does not have a dedicated national law specifically governing artificial intelligence (AI). However, the country has taken significant steps to align with international standards on data protection and AI ethics, indicating a proactive approach to emerging technologies.
🇸🇲 San Marino's Engagement with AI Regulation
1. Council of Europe Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence
San Marino is a signatory to the Council of Europe’s Framework Convention on Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law, adopted in May 2024 and opened for signature in September 2024. This treaty aims to establish common standards for AI development and use, ensuring that AI systems uphold human rights and democratic values. By signing this convention, San Marino demonstrates its commitment to fostering responsible AI practices .(Wikipedia)
2. Ratification of Convention 108+
In November 2023, San Marino ratified the modernized Council of Europe Convention 108+ on data protection. This convention updates the 1981 Convention 108 to address new challenges posed by digital technologies, including AI. By joining Convention 108+, San Marino has committed to enhancing privacy protections in the context of automated data processing .(Portal, Portal, Portal)
3. National Data Protection Legislation
San Marino's Law No. 171, enacted on 21 December 2018, governs the protection of personal data. This law aligns with international data protection standards and includes provisions for penalties up to €10 million or 4% of an entity's global annual turnover for data protection violations. While not AI-specific, this legislation provides a foundational framework for data privacy in the country .(DataGuidance)
4. Cybersecurity Regulations
San Marino has developed a robust cybersecurity framework that aligns with European Union directives, including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Digital Services Act (DSA). These regulations address cybersecurity risks associated with digital services and e-commerce, indirectly impacting AI systems by ensuring secure digital environments .(Generis Global Legal Services)
🧠 Academic and Policy Initiatives
San Marino has also engaged in academic and policy discussions on AI ethics and innovation. In November 2023, the University of San Marino hosted a conference titled “Artificial Intelligence between Innovation and Social Responsibility,” featuring experts from Italy's national AI strategy task force and industry leaders. This event underscored the country's commitment to integrating ethical considerations into AI development .(unirsm.sm)
📌 Conclusion
While San Marino does not yet have a national law specifically dedicated to artificial intelligence, its active participation in international treaties and alignment with European data protection and cybersecurity regulations reflect a strong commitment to responsible AI governance. These efforts provide a solid foundation for future national legislation on AI, ensuring that technological advancements are balanced with the protection of human rights and democratic values.
RELATED Blog
0 comments