Artificial Intelligence law at Vietnam
As of May 2025, Vietnam is advancing its regulatory framework for artificial intelligence (AI) through the draft Law on the Digital Technology Industry (DTI Law), which is expected to be adopted in May 2025. This legislation aims to modernize Vietnam's information technology regulations and establish comprehensive governance for AI systems.
🇻🇳 Key Provisions of the Draft DTI Law
1. AI System Classification and Definitions
The draft DTI Law introduces a risk-based classification for AI systems:
High-Risk AI Systems: These pose significant risks to health, safety, rights, or legitimate interests.
High-Impact AI Systems: Characterized by a broad scope, large user base, and substantial computational resources.
Standard AI Systems: Basic systems applying AI for automated analysis and decision-making.
Additionally, a "whitelist" identifies AI systems that are not considered high-risk if they are narrow in scope, intended to improve human activities, and aimed at detecting deviations from previous results.
2. Ethical Standards and Prohibited Practices
The draft law outlines principles for AI development and use, including:
Human-centered design to enhance productivity and work efficiency.
Transparency, explainability, and accountability of AI algorithms.
Respect for human rights, privacy, and ethical values.
Environmental sustainability in AI development.
It also prohibits the use of AI systems for manipulation, fraud, discrimination, invasion of privacy, and violations of human rights.
3. Mandatory Labeling and Compliance
All digital technology products created by AI systems must be clearly labeled for identification purposes. The law assigns compliance responsibilities based on the risk profile of an AI system, ensuring that higher-risk systems undergo more stringent oversight.
4. Regulatory Sandbox and Incentives
The draft law proposes a regulatory sandbox mechanism to allow small and medium-sized enterprises to test innovative AI technologies in a controlled environment. It also includes incentives such as tax benefits to encourage foreign direct investment, talent acquisition, and industry growth.
🧠 Complementary Initiatives
In parallel with the DTI Law, Vietnam's Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) issued Decision No. 1290/QD-BKHCN in June 2024, introducing the "Principles for Research and Development of Responsible AI Systems." This voluntary standard emphasizes a human-centric approach, balancing economic benefits with ethical considerations.
🌐 Strategic Vision for AI
Vietnam's AI strategy, as outlined in Resolution 57 issued by the Politburo, focuses on industry-specific applications and data sovereignty to maintain competitiveness and technological independence. The country aims to position itself among the top four in ASEAN and the top 50 globally in AI development by 2030.
🔮 Future Outlook
With the anticipated adoption of the DTI Law in May 2025, Vietnam is poised to establish a robust legal framework for AI that balances innovation with ethical governance. The country's strategic focus on industry-specific AI applications and data sovereignty positions it as a competitive player in the global AI landscape.
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