Noscitur a sociis
Noscitur a sociis
(Latin Legal Maxim)
Meaning:
“Noscitur a sociis” means:
“A word is known by the company it keeps.”
Explanation:
This principle is used in statutory and legal interpretation.
It suggests that the meaning of an unclear or ambiguous word can be understood by looking at the words surrounding it in the text.
The context provided by the neighboring words helps clarify or limit the meaning of the ambiguous term.
Why is it important?
Helps avoid broad or absurd interpretations of words.
Ensures that words are interpreted harmoniously within the statute.
Prevents misunderstanding or misuse of terms by reading them in isolation.
Example:
Suppose a law says:
“No vehicles, bicycles, or carts are allowed in the park.”
The word “vehicles” might be broad and include all kinds of transport.
But applying noscitur a sociis, since “vehicles” is listed with bicycles and carts, it likely means only non-motorized vehicles, not cars or trucks.
Summary Table:
| Aspect | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Latin phrase | Noscitur a sociis |
| Meaning | Known by its associates |
| Purpose | To interpret ambiguous words by context |
| Application | Legal/statutory interpretation |
| Example | Meaning of “vehicles” clarified by nearby words |
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