Utah Constitution Article 20 Public Lands
Utah Constitution – Article XX (20): Public Lands
This article addresses the status, management, and constitutional limitations regarding public lands within the state of Utah.
🔹 Section 1: Disposition of Public Lands
The people of Utah forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public lands within the state, except those granted by the United States to the state.
These lands are subject to the disposition by the United States.
This clause is a standard provision in state constitutions at statehood, required by the federal government to prevent states from claiming federal lands.
🔹 Section 2: Federal Land Grants – Trust Doctrine
Lands granted by the United States to Utah for specific purposes (e.g., education) are to be held in trust.
The proceeds from the sale or use of these lands must be used exclusively for the purposes stated in the grant.
These lands are governed by the "public trust doctrine", meaning Utah must manage them for the benefit of the designated beneficiaries (such as schools).
Any loss to the trust due to breach of trust may result in state liability.
🔹 Summary of Purpose:
Article XX ensures that:
Utah respects federal ownership of public lands.
Lands granted to Utah by the federal government are protected and managed responsibly.
Proceeds benefit public institutions, particularly public education.
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