Energy Law at Georgia
Here’s an overview of Energy Law in Georgia (the country):
⚖️ Legal and Regulatory Framework
Law on Electricity and Natural Gas (2006, amended)
Governs the generation, transmission, distribution, and supply of electricity and natural gas. It aligns with EU energy directives and promotes market liberalization.
Law on Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (2015)
Sets targets and policies for energy saving, renewable energy development, and greenhouse gas emission reduction.
Environmental Protection Law
Requires environmental impact assessments for energy projects.
🏢 Key Institutions
Georgian National Energy and Water Supply Regulatory Commission (GNERC)
Independent regulator overseeing licensing, tariffs, and market regulation.
Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development
Sets national energy policy and strategic plans.
Electricity System Commercial Operator (ESCO)
Manages the electricity market and grid operations.
⚡ Energy Sector Overview
Georgia’s electricity is largely generated from hydropower (over 70%), with some thermal and renewable sources.
The country has an open electricity market allowing competition in generation and supply.
Transmission and distribution are regulated monopolies with licensed operators.
🔋 Renewable Energy and Sustainability
Strong focus on hydropower development with projects like the Enguri and Vardnili plants.
Growing interest in wind and solar energy.
Georgia is committed to increasing renewable energy share and energy efficiency under its National Energy Strategy (up to 2020 and beyond).
📜 Licensing and Regulation
Licenses for generation, transmission, distribution, and supply are issued by GNERC.
Environmental and technical permits required for energy projects.
Tariffs are regulated to protect consumers and ensure sector sustainability.
⚠️ Challenges and Developments
Balancing hydropower potential with environmental protection.
Upgrading grid infrastructure to accommodate new renewable sources.
Regional energy cooperation with neighbors (Turkey, Azerbaijan).
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