Media laws at Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone has made significant strides in reforming its media laws to enhance press freedom and align with international human rights standards. Here's an overview of the key developments:
📰 Repeal of Criminal Libel and Sedition Laws
In July 2020, Sierra Leone's Parliament unanimously approved the Independent Media Commission (IMC) Act 2020, which repealed Part 5 of the Public Order Act of 1965 This historic move decriminalized libel and sedition, replacing them with civil defamation provisions President Julius Maada Bio signed the amended law into effect in October 2020, emphasizing that it would "unshackle free speech" and "expand democratic spaces" in the country
📡 Role of the Independent Media Commission (IMC)
The IMC, established under the IMC Act 2020, is the primary regulatory body overseeing media activities in Sierra Leon. It is responsible for licensing media outlets, setting ethical standards, and ensuring compliance with media law. The IMC also plays a crucial role in promoting media professionalism and independence
🧾 Cybersecurity and Crime Act 202
Despite the progress made, concerns have arisen regarding the Cybersecurity and Crime Act 2021, which criminalizes the transmission of "insulting messages" via electronic means This law has been criticized for its potential to suppress free expression and for being used to target individuals for their online statements In one notable case, social media influencer Hawa Hunt was arrested in December 2024 for comments made in 2023 and charged under this at Her prolonged detention and forced apology have raised alarms among human rights organizations
🧠Constitutional and International Framework
Sierra Leone's 1991 Constitution guarantees freedom of expression under Section2. Additionally, the country is a signatory to international treaties such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, both of which uphold the right to free expresso. The repeal of criminal libel laws aligns with these commitments, though the application of the Cybersecurity and Crime Act raises concerns about potential conflicts with international human rights standards.
✅ Summary
Sierra Leone has made commendable progress in enhancing press freedom by repealing outdated criminal libel and sedition law. The establishment of the Independent Media Commission further strengthens media regulation and professionals. However, the enactment of the Cybersecurity and Crime Act 2021 introduces new challenges, as its broad provisions may be used to curtail free speech, particularly online. Ongoing vigilance and advocacy are essential to ensure that media reforms continue to uphold the principles of freedom and democracy.
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