IPC Section 242
IPC Section 242 – Negligent act likely to cause infection of disease dangerous to life
1. What it says (in essence):
Section 242 deals with negligent acts that may spread a disease dangerous to life.
In simpler words: If someone carelessly does something that could infect others with a life-threatening disease, they can be punished under Section 242.
Key Elements of Section 242
Negligence:
The act must be careless or negligent, not necessarily intentional.
It differs from Section 270, which also includes malignant or intentional acts.
Act likely to spread disease:
The act must endanger public health by spreading a serious disease.
Type of disease:
Only diseases dangerous to life (like cholera, plague, smallpox, etc.) are considered.
Causation not necessary:
It is enough if the act is likely to spread the disease; actual infection is not required.
Punishment under IPC Section 242
Imprisonment: Up to 6 months
Fine: May also be imposed
Or both: Imprisonment and fine
This is a cognizable offence, so police can act without prior permission from a magistrate.
Examples to understand Section 242
Example 1:
A person throws contaminated water in a public place, potentially spreading cholera.
→ Punishable under Section 242 due to negligence.
Example 2:
A doctor or nurse fails to properly sterilize medical equipment, risking spread of infection.
→ Can be liable under Section 242.
Example 3:
Someone knowingly ignores public health regulations but does not directly intend to harm anyone.
→ Falls under Section 242 (negligence, not malicious intent).
Difference from Section 270
| Section | Act | Intent | Punishment | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 242 | Negligent | No intention required | Up to 6 months | Careless disposal of contaminated water |
| 270 | Malignant or negligent | Intentional or grossly negligent | Up to 2 years | Intentionally spitting in public while having a contagious disease |
In short, IPC 242 punishes anyone who negligently does an act likely to spread a life-threatening disease, focusing on carelessness rather than intent.
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