Section 304 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023
Here’s a comprehensive overview of Section 304 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023—under Chapter XVII: Offences Against Property:
📜 Section 304 – Snatching
Definition:
The offence is defined as snatching, which occurs when someone, in order to commit theft, suddenly, quickly, or forcibly seizes any movable property from a person or their possession
⚖️ Punishment
Imprisonment: Up to 3 years (simple or rigorous),
Fine: Discretionary — the offender “shall also be liable to fine”
🚨 Legal Classification
Cognizable: ✅ Yes
Bailable: ❌ The offence is non-bailable (as per one jurisdictional interpretation)
Compoundable: ❌ Offence is non-compoundable (
Triable By: First-Class Magistrate
🧭 Key Elements
Intent: Must intend to steal the property (“to commit theft”).
Mode: Seizure must be sudden, quick, or forceful.
Target: The property must be taken directly from the person or their immediate control
🔍 Practical Implications
Snatching affects public safety and security—particularly in thefts involving phones, jewelry, or wallets in crowded spaces or via vehicles.
It’s now treated as a distinct offence under BNS, rather than subsumed under general theft or robbery categories, acknowledging its unique nature
🆚 Comparison with IPC
Under the old IPC, snatching could be prosecuted under Section 378 (theft) or Section 392 (robbery), depending on force.
BNS § 304 explicitly criminalizes snatching with simpler, faster prosecution and clearer sentencing. Punishment is capped at 3 years—lower than general robbery but significant for deterrence
✅ Summary Table
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Offence | Sudden, forceful seizure of movable property |
| Imprisonment | Up to 3 years |
| Fine | Discretionary |
| Cognizable | Yes |
| Bailable | No |
| Compoundable | No |
| Tried by | First-Class Magistrate |
📰 Public Safety Impact
Authorities anticipate this dedicated offence will help curb rising mobile and chain-snatching cases, especially in urban areas like Delhi and Mumbai (
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